Archaeologists discovered a 1,600-year-old mummy at Oxyrhynchus, Egypt with a papyrus fragment of Homer's Iliad tucked inside its wrappings—the first time a literary text has been found in this context. A joint team from the University of Barcelona and the Institute of the Ancient Near East made the discovery in late 2025 during excavation of a previously looted tomb about 100 miles south of Cairo. The find offers new insight into funerary practices and how texts were incorporated into burial rituals in the Greco-Roman period.