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u/NoFlyingMonkeysonReddit19h ago
A research team invented a fake disease to see if AI would disseminate and promote it as legit medical information. Several AI platforms not only did, but it was subsequently cited in peer-reviewed medical literature.
From the journal Nature last week: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-026-01100-y
Lead researcher Almira Thunstrom fabricated an eye condition named Bixonimania, caused by too much blue light exposure, and causing hyperpigmentation on the eyelids.
The team posted 2 fake study articles on the professional Preprints.org server in 2024.
They included MANY other clues:
* fake scientists/names at a fake university in a fake city
* acknowledgment to a professor at the Starfleet Academy and her lab on the USS Enterprise
* the statement “this entire paper was made up”
* statement that study subjects were “made-up individuals”
* funding by “Professor Sideshow Bob Foundation for its work in advanced trickery”, and “the University of Fellowship of the Ring and the Galactic Triad”
Soon after posting, the information was picked up by Bing’s Copilot, Goggle’s Gemini (which advised ppl to see an ophthalmologist), Perplexity AI (which invented a prevalence figure), and ChatGPT (which told users their symptoms were due to Bixonimania). In 2026 ChatGPT was more skeptical saying it was probably made up, but shortly thereafter reverted on another query with no skepticism.
The preprint articles were cited in 2024 in the journal Cureus, a peer-reviewed journal that is indexed in PubMed, and is published by the giant biomedical publisher Springer. After Nature contacted Cureus last month, the article was retracted March 30th, as were the original preprints.
My take on this:
\- I nominate Almira Thunstrom for the 2027 Ig Nobel Prize (for the unaware: https://improbable.com/ig/winners/ )
\- preprints are not peer-reviewed, so citing them can be problematic
\- the authors of the Cureus article are idiots
\- the peer reviewers for the Cureus article are idiots
\- the editors of Cureus are idiots
\- If anyone is using AI to practice medicine or conduct research without doing the required due diligence, that researcher or provider might be an idiot.
Thoughts? Discuss amongst yourselves!
Trust Metrics
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Claim Accuracy88%
Source Quality85%
Framing & Tone72%
Context80%
Analysis Summary
A research team deliberately created a fake eye disease called Bixonimania with obviously fake citations (Starfleet Academy, USS Enterprise, explicit "this paper is made up" statements) and published it on a preprint server to test whether AI systems would repeat false medical information as fact. They did—ChatGPT, Gemini, Perplexity, and Copilot all promoted it as real medical advice, and Cureus, a peer-reviewed journal published by Springer, actually cited it before retracting in March 2026. The experiment exposes a critical vulnerability: major AI systems confidently spread fabricated medical claims, and peer-reviewed journals can get fooled by obviously planted red flags if they don't properly verify sources.
Claims Analysis (6)
“A research team invented a fake disease to see if AI would disseminate and promote it as legit medical information”
Confirmed by Nature article and multiple news outlets including NDTV, Nurse.Org, Upworthy
“The fake disease was called Bixonimania, caused by too much blue light exposure, and causing hyperpigmentation on the eyelids”
Consistent across Nature reporting and independent news coverage
“The team posted 2 fake study articles on the professional Preprints.org server in 2024”
Confirmed by Nature and news sources; preprints were subsequently retracted
“The fake papers included acknowledgment to Starfleet Academy, USS Enterprise, and statement 'this entire paper was made up'”
Nature article and Upworthy reporting confirm these absurd citations were included as obvious red flags
“Bing's Copilot, Google's Gemini, Perplexity AI, and ChatGPT picked up and promoted the fake disease as real”
Multiple sources including NDTV and Nurse.Org confirm all four AI platforms disseminated the misinformation
“The preprint articles were cited in 2024 in the journal Cureus, which is peer-reviewed and indexed in PubMed”
Nature reporting confirms Cureus published a paper citing the fake preprints; article was retracted March 30th
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