A government hospital in Taunsa, Pakistan reused syringes on children, infecting at least 331 with HIV between November 2024 and October 2025. BBC undercover footage captured the hospital still practicing syringe reuse months after authorities promised action, with staff also injecting without sterile gloves — practices that infectious disease experts say create direct transmission risk. The hospital superintendent has refused to acknowledge the footage is genuine, claiming it may be staged or pre-dated, even as epidemiological data shows the outbreak is concentrated in children who received treatment there. WHO and Pakistani health authorities have launched audits, but the case exposes systematic gaps in injection safety training and infection control enforcement across Pakistan's healthcare system.